Kwindawo yetekhnoloji ye-crystal eyodwa yesithando somlilo, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuchaneka kokulawulwa kwe-thermal kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukufezekisa ukufana kobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuzinza kubalulekile ekukhuliseni iikristale ezikumgangatho ophezulu omnye. Ukujongana nale mingeni,izifudumezi zegraphiteziye zavela njengesisombululo esiphawulekayo, ngenxa ye-thermal conductivity ekhethekileyo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphanda ngokubaluleka kwezifudumezi zegraphite kunye nendima yazo kwintsimi yokushisa ye-crystal eyodwa.
I-graphite, uhlobo lwekhabhoni, ineempawu ezizodwa ezenza ukuba ibe yinto efanelekileyo kwizicelo zobushushu obuphezulu. Enye ipropathi enjalo yi-conductivity yayo ebalaseleyo ye-thermal. I-graphite ine-conductivity ephezulu kakhulu ye-thermal, evumela ukuba idlulise ubushushu ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo kwisakhiwo sayo yonke. Olu phawu lukhethekileyo lwenza ukuba lube lolona khetho lubalaseleyoizinto zokufudumezakwiziko elinye lekristale.
I-conductivity ye-thermal ye-graphite inokuthi ifakwe kwisakhiwo sayo esiyingqayizivele se-crystal. Igraphite iqulathe umaleko weeathom zekhabhoni ezicwangciswe kwileyithi enehexagonal. Ngaphakathi umaleko ngamnye, iiathom zekhabhoni zibotshelelwe ngokuqinileyo, zenza iibhondi eziqinileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukudibanisa phakathi kweeleyile kubuthathaka, okukhokelela kwisakhiwo esinee-electron ezikhululekile ezinokuhamba ngokulula. Ezi electron zasimahla zinegalelo kwigraphite ephezulu yombane kunye ne-thermal conductivity.
Kwintsimi eshushu yeziko elinye lekristale,izifudumezi zegraphiteidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphumezeni ukufudumeza okuchanekileyo kunye okufanayo. Ngokuqhuba ngokufanelekileyo ubushushu, banceda ukugcina ubushushu obufunwayo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokukhula kwekristale. I-thermal conductivity egqwesileyo yegraphite iqinisekisa ukuba ubushushu busasazwa ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke umphezulu we-heater, ukunciphisa i-gradients kunye neendawo ezitshisa kakhulu. Oku kufana kubalulekile ekukhuleni okulawulwayo kunye nokuqhubekayo kweekristale enye, echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho kunye neempawu zabo.
Ngaphezu koko, i-thermal conductivity ephezulu yeizifudumezi zegraphiteivumela ukufudumeza ngokukhawuleza kunye nokupholisa imijikelo, ukunciphisa ixesha lokucubungula ekukhuleni kwekristale enye. Ukutshintshwa kobushushu obusebenzayo obunikezelwa yigraphite kwenza isithando somlilo sifikelele kwiqondo lokushisa elifunwayo ngokukhawuleza, ukuphucula imveliso kwimveliso yekristal. Ukongeza, ukukwazi ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza emva kwenkqubo yokukhula kunceda ukutsalwa kwekristale ngokukhawuleza kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokuvelisa.
Izifudumezi zegraphitezikwabonisa ukuzinza okuhle kwe-thermal, okubenza bakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo adityaniswe kwindawo enye yeziko lekristale. Banokusebenza kumaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo ngaphandle kokuthotywa okubalulekileyo okanye ukuphazamiseka. Oku kuzinza kwe-thermal kuqinisekisa ixesha elide kunye nokuthembeka kwee-heaters, ukunciphisa iimfuno zokugcina kunye nexesha lokuphumla kwinkqubo yokukhula kwe-crystal.
Enye inzuzo yeizifudumezi zegraphitekukuhambelana kwabo kunye ne-vacuum okanye iimeko ezilawulwayo ze-atmosphere edla ngokusetyenziswa ekukhuleni kwekristale enye. I-graphite i-inert yekhemikhali kwaye ayisebenzi ngeegesi ezininzi, ivumela ukuba igcine iimpawu zayo zokushisa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Oku kuguquguquka kwenzaizifudumezi zegraphiteilungele uluhlu olubanzi lweendlela zokukhula kwekristale, kubandakanya iCzochralski, iBridgman, kunye neendlela ezidadayo zendawo.
Ukuqukumbela, i-thermal conductivity ekhethekileyo yeizifudumezi zegraphiteibenza babaluleke kakhulu kwintsimi eshushu yeziko elinye lekristale. Ukukwazi kwabo ukudlulisa ubushushu ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokugcina ukufana kweqondo lokushisa kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni okulawulwayo kweekristale ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Izifudumezi zeGraphite zenza ukufudumeza okukhawulezileyo kunye nokupholisa imijikelo, ziphucula imveliso, kwaye zinikeze uzinzo olubalaseleyo lobushushu kwiindawo ezingqongileyo ezigqithisileyo. Njengoko imfuno yeekristale ezisebenza ngokuphezulu ziqhubeka nokukhula, ukubaluleka kwezifudumezi zegraphite ekuqhubeleni phambili kwetekhnoloji yokukhula kwekristale ayinakugqithwa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-08-2024